Related Products of 2402-95-1. Aromatic heterocyclic compounds can also be classified according to the number of heteroatoms contained in the heterocycle: single heteroatom, two heteroatoms, three heteroatoms and four heteroatoms. Compound: 2-Chloropyridine 1-oxide, is researched, Molecular C5H4ClNO, CAS is 2402-95-1, about 2-Hydroxypyridine-N-oxide (HOPO): Equivocal in the ames assay. Author is Dobo, Krista L.; Cheung, Jennifer R.; Gunther, William C.; Kenyon, Michelle O..
2-Hydroxypyridine-N-oxide (HOPO) is a useful coupling reagent for synthesis of active pharmaceutical ingredients. It has been reported to be weakly mutagenic in the Ames assay (Ding W et al. []: J Chromatogr A 1386:47-52). According to the ICH M7 guidance (2014) regarding control of mutagenic impurities to limit potential carcinogenic risk, mutagens require control in drug substances such that exposure not exceeds the threshold of toxicol. concern. Given the weak response observed in the Ames assay and the lack of any obvious structural features that could confer DNA reactivity we were interested to determine if the results were reproducible and investigate the role of potentially confounding exptl. parameters. Specifically, Ames tests were conducted to assess the influence of compound purity, solvent choice, dose spacing, toxicity, type of S9 (aroclor vs phenobarbital/β-naphthoflavone), and lot variability on the frequency of HOPO induced revertant colonies. Initial extensive testing using one lot of HOPO produced no evidence of mutagenic potential in the Ames assays. Subsequent studies with four addnl. lots produced conflicting results, with an ∼2.0-fold increase in revertant colonies observed Given the rigor of the current investigation, lack of reproducibility between lots, and the weak increase in revertants, it is concluded that HOPO is equivocal in the bacterial reverse mutation assay. It is highly unlikely that HOPO poses a mutagenic risk in vivo; therefore, when it is used as a reagent in pharmaceutical synthesis, it should not be regarded as a mutagenic impurity, but rather a normal process related impurity.
After consulting a lot of data, we found that this compound(2402-95-1)Related Products of 2402-95-1 can be used in many types of reactions. And in most cases, this compound has more advantages.
Reference:
Isoxazole – Wikipedia,
Isoxazole | C3H3NO – PubChem