Tag: M.W:100-200

Related Products of 2402-95-1. Aromatic heterocyclic compounds can also be classified according to the number of heteroatoms contained in the heterocycle: single heteroatom, two heteroatoms, three heteroatoms and four heteroatoms. Compound: 2-Chloropyridine 1-oxide, is researched, Molecular C5H4ClNO, CAS is 2402-95-1, about 2-Hydroxypyridine-N-oxide (HOPO): Equivocal in the ames assay. Author is Dobo, Krista L.; Cheung, Jennifer R.; Gunther, William C.; Kenyon, Michelle O..

2-Hydroxypyridine-N-oxide (HOPO) is a useful coupling reagent for synthesis of active pharmaceutical ingredients. It has been reported to be weakly mutagenic in the Ames assay (Ding W et al. []: J Chromatogr A 1386:47-52). According to the ICH M7 guidance (2014) regarding control of mutagenic impurities to limit potential carcinogenic risk, mutagens require control in drug substances such that exposure not exceeds the threshold of toxicol. concern. Given the weak response observed in the Ames assay and the lack of any obvious structural features that could confer DNA reactivity we were interested to determine if the results were reproducible and investigate the role of potentially confounding exptl. parameters. Specifically, Ames tests were conducted to assess the influence of compound purity, solvent choice, dose spacing, toxicity, type of S9 (aroclor vs phenobarbital/β-naphthoflavone), and lot variability on the frequency of HOPO induced revertant colonies. Initial extensive testing using one lot of HOPO produced no evidence of mutagenic potential in the Ames assays. Subsequent studies with four addnl. lots produced conflicting results, with an ∼2.0-fold increase in revertant colonies observed Given the rigor of the current investigation, lack of reproducibility between lots, and the weak increase in revertants, it is concluded that HOPO is equivocal in the bacterial reverse mutation assay. It is highly unlikely that HOPO poses a mutagenic risk in vivo; therefore, when it is used as a reagent in pharmaceutical synthesis, it should not be regarded as a mutagenic impurity, but rather a normal process related impurity.

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Reference:
Isoxazole – Wikipedia,
Isoxazole | C3H3NO – PubChem

So far, in addition to halogen atoms, other non-metallic atoms can become part of the aromatic heterocycle, and the target ring system is still aromatic.Laihia, K.; Puszko, A.; Linnanto, J.; Kolehmainen, E. researched the compound: 3,5-Dimethyl-4-nitropyridine 1-oxide( cas:14248-66-9 ).COA of Formula: C7H8N2O3.They published the article 《1H, 13C and 15N NMR spectral and theoretical studies of some methyl and alkylamino derivatives of 4-halopyridine N-oxides》 about this compound( cas:14248-66-9 ) in Journal of Molecular Structure. Keywords: halopyridine oxide methyl alkylamino derivative NMR tautomerism. We’ll tell you more about this compound (cas:14248-66-9).

Nine new and three earlier known 4-halogen (Cl and Br) substituted pyridine N-oxides have been prepared and their 1H, 13C and 15N NMR chem. shifts assigned based on PFG 1H, X (X = 13C and 15N) HMQC and HMBC experiments as well as the comparison with our earlier results for substituted pyridine N-oxide derivatives The 15N resonances of the pyridine nitrogen are 27-40 ppm more shielded in 4-halo-2-alkylamino-6-methyl-5-nitropyridine N-oxide than in parent 4-halopyridine N-oxide. According to quantum chem. ab initio HF/6-311G** calculations the amino tautomer of 4-chloro-2-methylamino-6-methyl-5-nitropyridine N-oxide is more stable than its imino form. Using B3LYP/6-311G** optimized structures both 13C and 15N shifts were calculated by d. functional B3LYP/6-311G** CSGT methods for the amino and imino tautomers as well as for the dimeric structure for 4-chloro-2-methylamino-6-methyl-5-nitropyridine N-oxide. The 15N NMR and DFT calculations suggest the prevailing of the dimeric amino form for one congener, which is further supported by ESI-TOF MS data.

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Reference:
Isoxazole – Wikipedia,
Isoxazole | C3H3NO – PubChem

Safety of 1-Piperidineacetic Acid. The protonation of heteroatoms in aromatic heterocycles can be divided into two categories: lone pairs of electrons are in the aromatic ring conjugated system; and lone pairs of electrons do not participate. Compound: 1-Piperidineacetic Acid, is researched, Molecular C7H13NO2, CAS is 3235-67-4, about Decarboxylative C-H alkylation of heteroarenes by copper catalysis. Author is Zhu, Xiaolong; Li, Xuan; Li, Xuehao; Lv, Jian; Sun, Kai; Song, Xiuyan; Yang, Daoshan.

Versatile decarboxylative C-H alkylation of heteroarenes was accomplished. In the presence of Cu(OTf)2 and 4,4′-di-tert-butyl-2,2′-bipyridine, a range of heteroarenes, such as imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines, 2-phenylbenzo[d]imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole, 2-phenylindolizine and 4H-chromen-4-one, could be alkylated using diverse alkyl carboxylic acids. This developed protocol will extend the still limited number of copper catalytic decarboxylation couplings, especially in the construction of Csp2-Csp3 bonds. The developed method provided a highly attractive and alternative approach to various alkylating heteroarenes I [R1 = H, Me; R2 = H, 5-Br, 5-MeO; R3 = H, Me; R4 = 2-phenylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl, 2-phenylindolizin-3-yl, [2-(4-methoxyphenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl], etc.], II [R6 = H, Me; R7 = H, Me, Ph; R6R7 = (CH2)5; R4 = 2-phenylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl, [2-(4-methoxyphenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl], 7-chloro-2-(p-tolyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl, etc.] with good functional group tolerance.

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Reference:
Isoxazole – Wikipedia,
Isoxazole | C3H3NO – PubChem

In organic chemistry, atoms other than carbon and hydrogen are generally referred to as heteroatoms. The most common heteroatoms are nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur. Now I present to you an article called Syntheses of sterically hindered zwitterionic pyridinium phenolates as model compounds in nonlinear optics. Part 2., published in 2008-04-30, which mentions a compound: 14248-66-9, mainly applied to zwitterionic pyridinium phenolates preparation model compound nonlinear optic, Quality Control of 3,5-Dimethyl-4-nitropyridine 1-oxide.

Pyridinium phenolates possess a dissym. delocalized π-electron system providing a huge quadratic nonlinearity. They are a promising class of mols. for applications in photoelectronics and photonics. Semiempirical calculations indicate that the interplanar angle between the two aromatic rings leads to enhancement in the NLO properties of these compounds The confirmation of this feature may be provided by the study of a new series of sterically hindered pyridinium phenolates bearing two tert-Bu substituents at the ortho position(s) of the phenolate functionality. Such bulky groups would enhance the solubility of zwitterions in organic solvents and would limit the formation of aggregates. Their efficient preparations by using Suzuki cross-coupling reactions involving 3,5-dialkylated 4-bromopyridine N-oxides are described.

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Reference:
Isoxazole – Wikipedia,
Isoxazole | C3H3NO – PubChem

Heterocyclic compounds can be divided into two categories: alicyclic heterocycles and aromatic heterocycles. Compounds whose heterocycles in the molecular skeleton cannot reflect aromaticity are called alicyclic heterocyclic compounds. Compound: 3235-67-4, is researched, Molecular C7H13NO2, about Synthesis of Pyrrolidine Ring-Fused Fullerene Multicarboxylates by Photoreaction, the main research direction is fullerene photoreaction aminopolycarboxylate; pyrrolidine fused fullerene polycarboxylate preparation.Related Products of 3235-67-4.

Aminopolycarboxylic esters react with C60 under photolysis to produce fullerene multicarboxylates. Irradiation of tetra-Me ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA) with C60 yields the EDTA-containing fullerene monoadduct C60(MeOOCCH)2NCH2CH2N(CH2COOMe)2. In addition, several other C60 monoadducts are also isolated and characterized, including compounds due to EDTA fragmentation. Similar results are observed with pentamethyl dimethylenetriaminepentaacetate (DTPA). When partially methylated nitrilotriacetic acid is irradiated with C60, decarboxylation occurs and organodihydrofullerene derivatives such as C60(H)[CH2N(CH2COOMe)2] are formed. Radical mechanisms are proposed for both types of photoreactions. The fullerene derivatives are characterized by their spectroscopic data. Photoreactions of C60 with other analogous mols. also support the conclusions.

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Reference:
Isoxazole – Wikipedia,
Isoxazole | C3H3NO – PubChem

The reaction of an aromatic heterocycle with a proton is called a protonation. One of articles about this theory is 《Derivatives of 4-amino- and 4-nitropyridine》. Authors are Essery, J. M.; Schofield, K..The article about the compound:3,5-Dimethyl-4-nitropyridine 1-oxidecas:14248-66-9,SMILESS:O=[N+](C1=C(C)C=[N+]([O-])C=C1C)[O-]).COA of Formula: C7H8N2O3. Through the article, more information about this compound (cas:14248-66-9) is conveyed.

The following were prepared by conventional procedures. A series of substituted pyridine 1-oxides (substituent given): 3-Et (I), hygroscopic oil, b12 123-5°, picrate, m. 95°; 3-iso-Pr, b0.8 120-2°, picrate, m. 125-6°; 3-tert-Bu (Ia), b1 132-4°, picrate, m. 143-4°; 3,5-Me2, b0.1 116-18°, picrate, m. 135-6°; 2,3,5,6-Me4, needles, m. 139-40°, picrate, m. 144-5°; and 3-Br, -, picrate, m. 144.5-5.5°. I (24.5 g.), 65 ml. concentrated H2SO4 and 34 ml. concentrated HNO3 were warmed to 50° to initiate reaction, then heated 3.5 hrs. at 90-100°, the whole cooled, neutralized with solid K2CO3, filtered, the filtrate extracted with CHCl3 and the CHCl3 concentrated gave 19 g. 3-ethyl-4-nitropyridine 1-oxide (II), yellow needles, m. 68-9°. In similar fashion were prepared the following substd. 4-nitropyridine 1-oxides: 3-iso-Pr, m. 138-9°; 3,5-Me2 (IIa), m. 174-5° (picrate m. 137.5-8.5°); 2,3, 5,6-Me4 (IIb), m. 115-16° (picrate m. 160-1°); 3-Br, m. 156-7° [small amount of 3,4-Br(O2N)C5H3N also formed]. 3-tert-Butyl-2(or 6-)nitropyridine (IIc) m. 104.5-5.5°. To 5 g. II in 100 ml. dry CHCl3 at 0-10° was added 25 ml. PCl3, the whole kept 0.67 hr. at 10° poured on ice, treated with excess NaOH, extracted with CHCl3, and the CHCl3 extracts concentrated to give 3.8 g. 3,4-Et(O2N)C5H3N, b0.25 56-8°. Similarly were prepared 3,4-iso-Pr(O2N)C5H3N, b0.85 82-4° (picrate m. 106-7°); 3,5,4-Me2(O2N)C5H2N.0.5.H2O, m. 38-9° (picrate m. 169-70°); and 2,3,5,6,4-Me4(O2N)C5N.2H2O, m. 198-200° (picrate m. 174-6°). To 13 g. II was added 60 ml. AcCl; a vigorous reaction occurred. Subsequently, the mixture was poured on ice, the whole treated with excess NaOH and the product isolated via CHCl3 extraction to give 8.2 g. 4-chloro-3-ethylpyridine 1-oxide (IId), m. 86° (picrate m. 137-8°). The following substituted 4-chloropyridine 1-oxides were similarly prepared: 3-iso-Pr, hygroscopic, m. 87-8° (picrate m. 130-1°); 3,5-Me2 (III), m. 201-2° (picrate m. 142-3°); 2,3,5,6-Me4, m. 153-4° (picrate m. 154-5°); 3-Br, m. 153.5-4.5° (picrate m. 120-1°). III (2.5 g.) and 18 ml. concentrated aqueous NH3 heated 18 hrs. at 140°, the whole cooled, treated with 2.5 g. K2CO3, evaporated to dryness and the residue extracted with AcEt gave 1.6 g. 4-amino-3,5-dimethylpyridine 1-oxide-2H2O (IV), m. 227-9°, picrate m. 221-3°. 3,4-Me(O2N)C5H3N (2.5 g.), 50 ml. EtOH, 4 ml. 90% H2NNH2.H2O, and a small amount of Raney Ni (V) were heated 0.5 hr. on the steam bath, more V added, the whole filtered, and the filtrate concentrated to give 1.2 g. 3,4-Me(H2N)C5H3N, m. 108-9°. This procedure also gave 3,4-Et(H2N)C5H3N.0.5.H2O, m. 52-3° (picrate m. 196-7°); 3,4-iso-Pr(H2N)C5H3N.0.5.H2O, m. 69-70° (picrate m. 156-7°). To 0.5 g. IV in 5 ml. AcOH was added 0.3 g. Fe dust, the whole heated 1.5 hrs. on the steam bath, cooled, treated with excess NaOH and the product isolated via Et2O extraction to give 0.2 g. 3,5,4-Me2(H2N)C5H2N.2H2O (VI), m. 83-4° (picrate m. 226-7°). Alternately, 2 g. IIa, 25 ml. MeOH, 2 g. Raney Ni, and H gave 1.1 g. VI; the same procedure with IIb gave the amino derivative hemihydrate m. 196-7° (picrate m. 225-6°). Both reduction procedures with IIc gave the amino derivatives, m. 128-9°, λ 292, 228 mμ (log ε 3.56, 4.9) (picrate m. 242°). IId (3 g.) and 18 ml. 30% aqueous MeNH2 heated 18 hrs. at 140° gave, as above with IV, 2.1 g. 3-methyl-4-methylaminopyridine 1-oxide (VII), m. 106-7° (picrate m. 184-5°). Similarly were prepared the following substituted 4-methylaminopyridine 1-oxides: 3-Et, b0.5 120-2°, m. 117-18° (picrate m. 182-3°); 3-iso-Pr (VIII) (no m.p. given) (picrate m. 164-5°); 3,5-Me2, m. 94.5-5.5° (picrate m. 172-3°); 3-Br, hygroscopic solid (picrate m. 189-91°) and 2,3,5,6-Me4, hygroscopic solid (picrate m. 140-1°). VII reduced by Fe in AcOH gave 3,4-Me(MeNH)C5H3N, m. 125-6° (picrate m. 199-200°). VIII hydrogenated as above gave 3,3-iso-Pr-(MeNH)C5H3N, m. 95-6° (picrate m. 159-60°) and this procedure gave the following 3-substituted 4-(MeNH)C5H3N derivatives): 3,5-Me2, m. 119.5-20.5° (picrate m. 194.5-5.5°); 2,3,5,6-Me4, m. 118-19° (picrate m. 160-1°); 3-Br, 92-3°. The following were prepared by the above procedures: 3,4-Me(Me2N)C5H3N (IX), b1 73-5° (picrate m. 172-3°) and IX 1-oxide, b0.15 142-4° (picrate m. 130-1°); 3,4-Et(Me2N)C5H3N (X), b0.6 82-3° (picrate m. 118-19°) and X 1-oxide, b1 178-80° (picrate m. 139-40°); 3,4-iso-Pr-(Me2N)C5H3N (XI), b0.45 79-80° (picrate m. 138-9°) and XI 1-oxide, – (picrate m. 151-2°); 3,5,4-Me2(Me2N)C5H2N (XII), b0.4 69-7° (picrate m. 172-3°) and XII 1-oxide m. 83-4° (picrate m. 115-16°); and 3,4-Br(Me2N)C5H3N (XIII), b0.5 82-4° (picrate m. 182-3°) and XIII 1-oxide, – (picrate m. 160-1°). Ia (3.5 g.) and SO2Cl2 heated 2 hrs. at 110-20° gave 2 products, C9H12ClN, giving picrates, m. 152-3° and 149-50°.

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Reference:
Isoxazole – Wikipedia,
Isoxazole | C3H3NO – PubChem

Diemer, Vincent; Chaumeil, Helene; Defoin, Albert; Fort, Alain; Boeglin, Alex; Carre, Christiane published an article about the compound: 3,5-Dimethyl-4-nitropyridine 1-oxide( cas:14248-66-9,SMILESS:O=[N+](C1=C(C)C=[N+]([O-])C=C1C)[O-] ).Electric Literature of C7H8N2O3. Aromatic heterocyclic compounds can be classified according to the number of heteroatoms or the size of the ring. The authors also want to convey more information about this compound (cas:14248-66-9) through the article.

Pyridinium phenolates possess a dissym. delocalized π-electron system providing a huge quadratic nonlinearity. They are a promising class of mols. for applications in photoelectronics and photonics. Semiempirical calculations indicate that the interplanar angle between the two aromatic rings leads to enhancement in the NLO properties of these compounds The confirmation of this feature may be provided by the study of a new series of sterically hindered pyridinium phenolates bearing two tert-Bu substituents at the ortho position(s) of the phenolate functionality. Such bulky groups would enhance the solubility of zwitterions in organic solvents and would limit the formation of aggregates. Their efficient preparations by using Suzuki cross-coupling reactions involving 3,5-dialkylated 4-bromopyridine N-oxides are described.

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Reference:
Isoxazole – Wikipedia,
Isoxazole | C3H3NO – PubChem

SDS of cas: 652148-90-8. The reaction of aromatic heterocyclic molecules with protons is called protonation. Aromatic heterocycles are more basic than benzene due to the participation of heteroatoms. Compound: 6-Chloropyridine-2-boronic Acid, is researched, Molecular C5H5BClNO2, CAS is 652148-90-8, about Synthesis and structure-activity relationship (SAR) study of 4-azabenzoxazole analogues as H3 antagonists. Author is Shao, Ning; Aslanian, Robert; West, Robert E.; Williams, Shirley M.; Wu, Ren-Long; Hwa, Joyce; Sondey, Christopher; Lachowicz, Jean; Palani, Anandan.

The synthesis and SAR of a novel series of 4-azabenzoxazole histamine H3 antagonists is described. Introduction of substituted Ph, pyridyl, and fused heterocyclic groups to the 6-position of the 4-azabenzoxazole core gave a series of compounds with good H3 antagonist activity in both ex vivo and in vivo assays.

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Reference:
Isoxazole – Wikipedia,
Isoxazole | C3H3NO – PubChem

Heterocyclic compounds can be divided into two categories: alicyclic heterocycles and aromatic heterocycles. Compounds whose heterocycles in the molecular skeleton cannot reflect aromaticity are called alicyclic heterocyclic compounds. Compound: 2402-95-1, is researched, Molecular C5H4ClNO, about MO calculations on heterocycles. 21. Interpretation of the photoelectron spectra of substituted pyridine-N-oxides, the main research direction is photoelectron spectra pyridine oxide MO.Synthetic Route of C5H4ClNO.

The He I and He II photoelectron spectra of I (R = H; 2-, 3-, 4-Cl; 2-, 3-, 4-Me) were interpreted by a modified CNDO MO method. With a suitably chosen symmetry anal. an assignment in the MO ionization picture is possible for all mols. up to ∼15 eV.

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Reference:
Isoxazole – Wikipedia,
Isoxazole | C3H3NO – PubChem

The preparation of ester heterocycles mostly uses heteroatoms as nucleophilic sites, which are achieved by intramolecular substitution or addition reactions. Compound: 2-Chloropyridine 1-oxide( cas:2402-95-1 ) is researched.Application of 2402-95-1.Kim, Inwon; Kang, Gyumin; Lee, Kangjae; Park, Bohyun; Kang, Dahye; Jung, Hoimin; He, Yu-Tao; Baik, Mu-Hyun; Hong, Sungwoo published the article 《Site-Selective Functionalization of Pyridinium Derivatives via Visible-Light-Driven Photocatalysis with Quinolinone》 about this compound( cas:2402-95-1 ) in Journal of the American Chemical Society. Keywords: phosphorylpyridine pyridinecarboxamide green regioselective photochem preparation; regioselective photochem phosphonylation carbamoylation pyridine azine phosphonylquinolinone photocatalyst; oxidative photochem regioselective phosphonylation carbamoylation pyridine; transition state structure free energy regioselective phosphonylation carbamoylation pyridine; mechanism regiochem regioselective photochem phosphonylation carbamoylation pyridine. Let’s learn more about this compound (cas:2402-95-1).

In the presence of phosphonylquinolinone I, N-ethoxypyridinium and N-ethoxyazinium tetrafluoroborates such as II underwent green and regioselective visible light-mediated photochem. oxidative phosphonylation and carbamoylation reactions with phosphinous acids and formamides mediated by K2S2O8 and NaHCO3 at ambient temperature to give pyridinyl- and azinyl phosphine oxides such as III and pyridine- and azinecarboxamides such as IV. Under the standard reaction conditions, phosphinoyl radicals give access to C4-substituted pyridines, while carbamoyl radicals selectively give 2-pyridinecarboxamides. The mechanism of the reaction was studied using DFT calculations and radical inhibition, fluorescence quenching, and kinetic isotope effect experiments The carbamoyl radical overcomes the intrinsic preference for forming the ortho-product by allowing the oxo functionality of the carbamoyl radical to electrostatically engage the nitrogen of the pyridinium substrate, preferentially giving the ortho-product; the phosphinoyl radical cannot engage in the same interaction because the phosphorus atom is too large.

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Reference:
Isoxazole – Wikipedia,
Isoxazole | C3H3NO – PubChem